2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0425A
    Novobiocin sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.12%
    Novobiocin (Albamycin) sodium is a potent and orally active antibiotic. Novobiocin sodium also is a DNA gyrase inhibitor and a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) antagonist. Novobiocin sodium has the potential for the research of highly beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal infections. Novobiocin sodium shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
    Novobiocin sodium
  • HY-137067
    IMT1B
    		Inhibitor 99.45%
    IMT1B (LDC203974) is an orally active, noncompetitive and specific allosteric inhibitor of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and inhibits mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression. IMT1B has anti-tumour effects.
    IMT1B
  • HY-17438
    Cidofovir
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Cidofovir (GS 0504) is an acyclic monophosphate nucleotide analogue and CMV inhibitor with antiviral activity. Cidofovir inhibits cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication by selectively inhibiting viral DNA polymerase. Cidofovir induces apoptosis and can be used in studies of AIDS cytomegalovirus retinitis, herpes, and cancer. Cidofovir also has anti-orthopoxvirus and anti-variola activities.
    Cidofovir
  • HY-12484
    BMH-21
    		Inhibitor 99.25%
    BMH-21 is a first-in-class DNA intercalator which inhibits RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcription. BMH-21 possesses anticancer activity.
    BMH-21
  • HY-14519A
    Methotrexate disodium
    		Inhibitor 99.53%
    Methotrexate (Amethopterin) disodium, an antimetabolite and antifolate agent, inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the conversion of folic acid into tetrahydrofolate, and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Methotrexate disodium, also an immunosuppressant and antineoplastic agent, is used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and a number of different cancers (such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia).
    Methotrexate disodium
  • HY-N0667
    L-Asparagine
    		98.0%
    L-Asparagine is an essential amino acid for leukemic cells and a substrate for L-Asparaginase. L-Asparaginase is a potent anti-leukemic enzyme that promotes asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) depletion and inhibits protein biosynthesis in lymphoblasts. Removal of L-asparagine from plasma by L-Asparaginase results in inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis and subsequent apoptosis. L-Asparaginase has cell-killing ability in vitro and in vivo, and selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells with low asparagine synthetase (AASNS) expression. L-Asparagine can be used as a biomarker and sensor for the study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    L-Asparagine
  • HY-112645
    BAY-2402234
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    BAY-2402234 is a selective dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor for the treatment of myeloid malignancies.
    BAY-2402234
  • HY-100455
    RK-33
    		Inhibitor 99.63%
    RK-33 is an RNA helicase inhibitor against DDX3, and inhibits its helicase activity.
    RK-33
  • HY-156784
    ATX968
    		Inhibitor 99.61%
    ATX968 (example 31) is an orally active, potent and selective inhibitor of ATP-dependent RNA helicase A (DHX9), with the EC50 of 0.054 μM in circBRIP1. ATX968 results in robust and durable tumor growth inhibition or regression in mouse xenograft studies with MSI-H/dMMR colorectal cancer cell lines.
    ATX968
  • HY-W009371
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium
    		Agonist 99.96%
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium is an intermediate of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and an end product of the nonoxidative branch of the PPP. D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids.
    D-Ribose 5-phosphate disodium
  • HY-B1046
    Clofazimine
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    Clofazimine is an orally-active anti-mycobacterial agent with a wide range of anti-mycobacterial activity including leprosy and tuberculosis. Clofazimine exerts anti-inflammatory activities and anti-tumor activities by interfering DNA replication and inhibiting IL2 (IC50 = 1.10 ± 0.26 μM, Jurkat T) production. Clofazimine can be used in mycobacterial and cancer research.
    Clofazimine
  • HY-12695
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate (5'-GTP) trisodium salt is a G protein (G proteins) signaling activator and a high-energy precursor in the biosynthesis of nucleotide units in DNA and RNA. Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt can promote myogenic cell differentiation by upregulating miRNA (miR133a, miR133b) and myogenic regulatory factor expression, and by inducing human myogenic precursor cells to release exosomes containing guanosine molecules. Guanosine-5'-triphosphate disodium salt holds promise for research in biosynthesis and skeletal muscle regeneration.
    Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt
  • HY-Y1055
    Guanine
    		Chemical ≥98.0%
    Guanine is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.
    Guanine
  • HY-10241
    Simeprevir
    		Inhibitor 98.79%
    Simeprevir (TMC435; TMC435350) is an oral, potent and highly specific hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease inhibitor with a Ki of 0.36 nM. Simeprevir inhibits HCV replication with an EC50 of 7.8 nM. Simeprevir also potently suppresses SARS-CoV-2 replication and synergizes with Remdesivir. Simeprevir inhibits the main protease (Mpro) and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2, and also modulates host immune responses.
    Simeprevir
  • HY-14781
    Levomefolic acid
    		98.55%
    Levomefolic acid (L-5-MTHF) is an orally active, brain-penetrant natural active form of folic acid and is one of the most widely used folic acid food supplements.
    Levomefolic acid
  • HY-112258
    IMP-1088
    		Inhibitor 99.16%
    IMP-1088 is a potent human N-myristoyltransferases NMT1 and NMT2 dual inhibitor with IC50s of <1 nM for HsNMT1 and HsNMT2. IMP-1088 has a Kd of <210 pM for HsNMT1. IMP-1088 efficiently blocks rhinovirus replication by blocking rhinovirus virus-encoded protein (VP0) N-myristoylation. IMP-1088 protects host cells from the cytotoxic effects of viral infection.
    IMP-1088
  • HY-129046
    RNase A, Bovine pancreas
    RNase A, Bovine pancreas (Ribonuclease A) cleaves the 3' end of RNA to pyrimidine and actively cleaves RNA at each pyrimidine residue. RNase A, bovine pancreas catalyzes the hydrolysis of single-stranded RNA in the absence of metal ions or cofactors.
    RNase A, Bovine pancreas
  • HY-112582C
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate trisodium solution (100mM)
    		99.70%
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100mM) is a nucleobase-modified nucleotide. N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100mM) is used for synthesizing mRNA with reduced immunogenicity and improved stability.
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate trisodium solution (100mM)
  • HY-N0540
    Cynaroside
    		Inhibitor 99.37%
    Cynaroside (Luteolin 7-glucoside) is a flavonoid compound that exhibits anti-oxidative capabilities. Cynaroside is also a potent influenza RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor with an IC50 of 32 nM. Cynaroside also is a promising inhibitor for H2O2-induced apoptosis, has cytoprotection against oxidative stress-induced cardiovascular diseases. Cynaroside also has antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer activities, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Cynaroside
  • HY-114429
    CB-6644
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    CB-6644 is a selective inhibitor of RUVBL1/2 complex with anti-cancer activity. CB-6644 blocks the ATPase activity of RUVBL1/2 with an IC50 of 15 nM.
    CB-6644
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity